Typewriting machine



28, 1936. F. P. GORIN 3 5 TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 21, 1933 3-SheetsSheet l 3 Sheets-Shet 2 INVENTOR.

F. P. GORIN TYPEWRITING MACHINE Flled March 21 1933 28, F P. GORIN TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 21, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. jwfiifiw Patented Apr. 28, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TYPEWRITIN G MACHINE deceased Application March 21, 1933, Serial No. 661,877

32 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines. An object of the invention is to provide means whereby the impact of the carriage when it is thrown back to its banking position to begin a new line of writing, is cushioned, thus rendering the impact practically noiseless and also preventing the constant pounding and vibration of the entire typewriting structure.

Another object is to provide means which insures that the carriage be always in exactly the predetermined banking position after it has been thrown back to that position.

It is not new in the art to provide means for cushioning the impact of the carriage incident to its return to the initial writing point to begin a new line; involving the passage of the entire carriage to the right of the initial writing point as viewed by the operator, and also involving means to hold the usual letterfeed rack out of engagement with the feed pinion during the passage of the entire carriage beyond and its return to the said initial writing point, and further involving means to insure the reconnection of the feed rack with the feed pinion at the initial writing point; all of which results in a rather complicated and expensive mechanism. An example of this is shown in Patent No. 1,734,518, issued to me on the fifth day of November, 1929. In my present invention the entire carriage does not pass beyond the initial writing point, only a portion of the carriage so passes, because the feed rack is yieldingly mounted for endwise movement with respect to the carriage and means are provided to arrest the feed rack whenever the carriage reaches its initial writing point, leaving the remaining portion or bulk of the carriage to pass beyond said point against the action of the cushion, which cushion causes the return of the carriage to said point where the bulk portion of the carriage picks up the feed rack. In other words, at that instant the entire carriage assumes its normal relation to the letterfeeding mechanism, which normal relation had, just before that instant, been interrupted, due to the passage of the bulk of the carriage beyond the initial writing point and its return thereto, where the entire carriage is arrested by the normal action of the letterfeeding mechanism. During this entire excursion of the bulk of the carriage beyond, and its return to the initial writing point, the feed pinion and feed rack remain entirely motionless and in normal relation with respect to each other.

The present invention also contemplates means to cushion the numerous sudden arrests of the entire carriage in its step by step movement in letterfeed direction incident to the striking of the type keys and space bar, as well as appreciably diminishing the noise of each of these step by step movements. These movements are not great, usually about of an inch, but when it be con- 5 sidered that a great many of these step by step movements, from fifty to one hundred, occur during the writing of each line it will be seen that it is of advantage to cushion them.

It is obvious that instead of constructing the 10 device as an attachment to an existing typewriting machine, as hereinafter explained, the device may be built into the typewriter when it is originally built and thus be an integral part of the typewriter. 15

It is not new in the art to resiliently mount a tabulator stop bar upon a typewriter carriage, with the necessary provision of means to prevent rebound of the carriage in contraletterfeed direction away from the predetermined tabulating 20- point, as shown, for example in the patent issued to me, No. 1,544,147, dated June 30, 1925, and many others. The resilient mounting of a tabulator stop bar with respect to the carriage is somewhat analagous to resiliently mounting the feed 25 rack upon the carriage as shown in my present invention. However, such mounting of a tabulator stop bar necessarily involves means independent of the usual typewriter and tabulator mechanism to insure the final locating of the 30 carriage at the correct tabulating point after the stops have collided with each other and the carriage has passed beyond such point of collision and. returned thereto by the reflex action of the cushion. Inthe present invention the carriage 35 is located at the initial writing point by the normal action of the letterfeeding mechanism, because the carriage is traveling in letterfeed direction when it is so arrested, while in a tabulating operation the carriage is traveling in contra- 40 letterfeed direction, towards the tabulating writing point, after being repelled by the reflex action of its cushion, and the carriage is always free to travel in contraletterfeed direction, while in letterfeed direction it can only travel in step 45 by step movement.

In my present invention I prefer to leave the carriage carried part of the feeding mechanism, (the feed rack), in normal operating connection with the frame carried part, (the feed pinion) during the entire manual return of the carriage by the usual carriage return lever, to its initial writing point, rather than to disconnect the feed rack and its pinion at the beginning of such return movement of the carriage, as shown in my said Patent 1,734,518, for the reason that since, in my present invention, the feed rack and pinion are never disconnected, there is obviously no necessity of reconnecting them at the initial writing point after the carriage bulk has passed beyond that point against the action of the cushion and has been returned to said point by the cushion. If the said feed rack and pinion had been separated during the entire manual return movement just indicated, the present construction would be operative provided the operator removed his hand from the usual carriage return lever some time after the entire carriage had reached the initial writing point and its bulk had passed beyond that point, but before the carriage bulk had been fully returned to the initial writing point by the reflex action of the cushion. If the feed rack and pinion remain in operative connection during the manual return of the carriage to the initial writing point then when the carriage reaches that point movement of all parts of the feeding mechanism is instantly arrested, permittlng the carriage bulk to pass beyond and be returned to the initial writing point by the cushion, regardless of when the operator removes his hand from the usual carriage return lever, and the carriage bulk can not possibly fail to be fully returned by the cushion to the initial writing point, but it is impossible for the carriage to continue past that point because of the normal action of the feed rack and pinion, which have been in normal engagement with each other during the manual return of the carriage to the initial writing point, the passage of its bulk beyond that point against the action of the cushion and its return to that point by the cushion, where the entire carriage is arrested by the normal action of the feeding mechanism, in normal writing position at the exact initial writing point.

I accomplish these and other objects by the peculiar arrangement and combination of the parts, as will be more fully hereinafter explained in the following specification, shown in the accompanying drawings, and finally pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is an elevational view of one end of the well known Underwood typewriting machine with my device applied thereto, parts of the typewriter being omitted.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the other end of the typewriting machine with my device applied thereto, with parts of the typewriter broken away and other parts omitted.

Fig. 3 is a top plan fragmentary view of the rear portion of the typewriter with my device applied thereto, partly in section, on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, the rear carriage bearings, platen, and thumb wheels removed from Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a similar view partly in section upon the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the letterfeeding mechanism, partly in section, upon the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the normal position of a selected pair of the teeth upon the letterfeed wheel, and the feed dogs, partly in section upon the line 66 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the positions of the pair of teeth and the feed dogs immediately after an actuation of one of the type keys.

Fig. 8 is a similar view of the teeth and dogs showing the positions to which the two feed teeth have moved from their positions as seen in Fig. 7, and before finger pressure has been removed from the type key.

Fig. 9 is a similar view showing the positions of the teeth and dogs immediately after finger pres sure has been removed from the type key, thus completing a full letterfeed step.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary detailed view partly in section of one end of the feed rack and one of the trip levers.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the extension piece for one end of the feed rack.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the margin stop and toothed blade, taken upon the line l2--l2 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary view showing the relation of the feed rack and margin stop with respect to the frame work when the margin stop is depressed.

My device is illustrated as applied to the well known Underwood typewriting machine No. 3, although it will be obvious that the principle of the invention is applicable to other forms of typewriting machines having a frame, a carriage movable thereon and letterfeeding mechanism.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, reference numeral 1 indicates the usual cast framework of the typewriting machine; 2, the usual resilient legs; 3, the usual rear carriage rail; 4, the usual plates rigidly projecting from each of the ends of the rail, the plates being se cured to the frame work I by means of screws 5. 6 indicates bearings rigid with the rear end of the carriage 1, which slidably receive the rail 3, (Figs. 1 and 2). la indicates the usual front plate which extends across the entire framework I and is secured to the framework by screws 8, the plate being channeled throughout its length as at 9 wherein run rollers l8 mounted upon studs 1 I, upon the carriage. I2 is the usual platen shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1, rotatably mounted upon the carriage in a well known manner. l3 indicates the usual thumb wheels for convenient manual rotation of the platen. I4 is the usual lever which is operated to return the carriage to its banking position to begin a new line of writing, and at the same time, through the usual connections, (not shown) causes a rotation of the platen I2. I! indicates the usual ribbon spools; IS, the usual ratchet wheel of the ribbon shift mechanism. 19 indicates a part of the usual platen shifting mechanism, Fig. 1. 20 indicates the usual type key bars, pivoted at 2| with respect to the framework I, and having the usual type finger keys 22. 22a is the usual space bar; 23, the usual links pivoted at one of each of their ends at 24, to the type bars 20 and having studs 25 projecting from each of their opposite ends, over which pass hooks 26a upon the inner ends of the usual type levers 26, (Figs. 1 and 5), the type levers being pivoted at 21 upon the usual plate 28, secured to a bridge piece 29 rigid with the framework 1. 30 is the usual bar universal to all the type levers and which, when one of the levers be actuated. contacts as at 3|, and thrusts the universal bar rearwardly, (Fig. 5). 32 is the usual extension rigidly secured at one of its ends as at 33 to the universal bar and having its opposite ends or branches pivotally connected as at 34 to the upper ends of members 35 which in turn are pivoted at 36 to the usual upstanding casting 3'1, rigid with the framework l. The forward end of the extension 32 slides through an aperture 38 in the plate 28, (Fig. 5). A spring 38a has one of its ends attached to a pin 38b extending from the casting 3'5, the opposite end of the spring being attached to the rear edge of the extension manner to the carriage.

32. 39 is the usual spring motor drum for the carriage, and 39a the usual tape connected at one of its ends to the spring drum and having its opposite end, (not shown) connected in the usual Pivotally mounted at 3919 upon the casting 31, is the usual dog rocker 40, the upper extremity, 4|, of which constitutes one of the feed dogs which is normally out of the plane of the toothed feed wheel 42, (Fig. 5). 43 is the other feed dog, pivoted at 44 to the dog rocker, (Fig 4) the usual spring 45 acting at all times to draw the free end of the dog 43 forwardly and towards the left, as seen in Fig. 4. 46 is the usual feed pinion; 48, the feed rack, the pinion having a free rotary movement independent of the toothed wheel 42 when the carriage be drawn towards its banking position in contraletterfeed direction, the usual pawls 49 normally locking the feed pinion and wheel 42 against movement of the carriage in the opposite direction. 50 represents the usual feed tripping levers pivoted to the carriage at 5|. Adjacent the inner end of the left hand tripping lever 50, (Fig. 3), is the usual light casting 5| a, secured to the lever by the screws 54; the casting being bored through as indicated in dotted lines to receive the usual stub 53, on the feed rack, the casting being rigidly secured to the stub as by pins 52a. The inner end of the right hand tripping lever is enlarged, as shown, and bored through to receive a similar stub 5%, which is rigidly secured to the lever by a pin 520.

The foregoing description substantially covers the usual Underwood typewriting machine and it is believed it is sufficiently clear to be readily understandable by one skilled in the art.

To construct and apply my device to the above described typewriting machine, I drive out the pins 52a and 520 and remove the feed rack 48. I then cut oil the stub 53b along the dotted line C-D shown in Fig. 10, and drill and tap a hole in the right hand end of the feed bar as indicated in dotted lines at 5511. I then provide an extension pin 551) about one inch in length, reducing and threading one of its ends as at 55c, and similarly reducing and threading its opposite end as shown in Fig. 11. I then screw the threaded end 550 into the hole 55a. I then turn down or reduce the opposite end of the feed bar to the same diameter as that of the stub 53, and for a distance about as indicated by the dotted line a,b (Fig. 3). The original stub projects through the light casting 5la about as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. However, if desired, the left hand face of the casting 5la, (Fig. 4) may be slightly filed or cut away so as to make it more convenient to drill a hole 560) through the stub 53. I then provide an extension 51a, preferably cylindrical in cross section, and drill a hole through the extension adapted to align with the hole 56:]. so that a pivot pin may be thrust into these holes in the stub 53 and the extension. The extension is slotted as at 58 (Fig. 3), and also bored through and adapted to receive a pivot screw 510. I provide a blade 51d having teeth 5le upon its lower edge, the spaces between the teeth being the same as the spaces between the teeth of the feed rack 48. The plate is bored through at one end to loosely receive the screw 51c after one end of the blade has been thrust into the slot 58, so that the blade has a pivotal action upon the screw, upwardly from its position as seen in Fig. 4, but is prevented from any downward pivotal movement from its position as there seen by reason of the squared end 58a,

shown in dotted lines, (Fig. 4), contacting with the right hand end of the wall of the slot 58, (Figs. 3 and 4). 51 is a margin stop slotted as at 51g to slidably receive the blade 51d, and drilled and tapped through its upper end to receive a short screw 51h and a coil spring 512', (Fig. 12). The margin stop is suitably bored through so that pins 511' may be driven through the holes and their ends upset or otherwise rigidly fastened to the margin stop. When the margin stop is in its position as seen in Fig. 4 the tension of the spring 511' lifts the stop and holds the pins 571i within the spaces between the teeth 51e whereby the margin stop is normally prevented from movement lengthwise of the blade and by pressing downwardly upon the margin stop the pins will be correspondingly moved out of engagement with the teeth and the stop may be freely moved along the blade in either direction. One of the lower sides of the margin stop is cut away or recessed as shown in Figs. 4 and 13 for a purpose later to be described. Elk is a thin resilient washer, as of leather or the like, cemented or otherwise ainxed upon the framework l. 512 is a similar washer centrally bored through so that it may be mounted upon the stub 53 between the end of the light casting 51a and a bail 51m. The bail is suitably bored through near each of its terminals to slidably receive the reduced portion 53 of the feed rack at one end and the extension 55b at its other end. One of the terminals of the bail is rigidly secured to the light casting 5la'by the screws 54, and the other terminal of the bail is similarly secured to the right hand tripping lever 50, so that a downward pressure upon the free end of either of the tripping levers 50 will cause the feed rack 48 to rise out of engagement with the feed pinion 46. That is to say, both ends of the feed rack will rise the same distance and at the same time, so that no part of the feed rack will drag upon the feed pinion 46. It will be kept in mind that originally the feed rack was rigidly pinned to the light casting 5la at one end and the inner end of the tripping lever 50 at the other end, and that these pins have been removed, therefore if it were not for the bail 51m a manipulation of either one of the tripping levers 50 would only lift one end of the feed rack after the pins 52m and 520 had been driven out. Secured to one side of the bail, as by screws 5711 is a dash pot 570. one end of which is bored through to receive the extension 55b, the bore being sufiiciently larger than the diameter of the extension to allow the passage of a little air into and out of the dash pot. The opposite end of the dash pot is internally threaded as shown, so that a disk 51p, slightly reduced, as shown, and similarly threaded, may be screwed into the right hand end of the dash pot, (Fig. 3). 5'lq indicates holes in the disk, spaced apart so that a spanner wrench or like tool may be inserted into the holes. 511" is a washer centrally bored through to receive the extension 55b, and counter sunk to receive a nut 51s, adapted to be screwed upon the shorter threaded portion of the extension 5b. 5'lt is a pin hole which is normally closed by the washer 511", (Fig. 4) 51a is a spring coiled around the extension 5517, one end of the spring thrusting against the washer 5'lr and its opposite end against the inner end of the dash pot 510-, whereby the feed rack 48 is held in its normal relation with respect to the carriage.

The operation of the device is that the margin stop 57 is set so as to arrest the carriage at a selected banking position. 'To do this all that is necessary is to move the carriage to that position and then press downwardly upon the margin stop until it assumes its position as seen in Fig. 13,

and while still continuing downward pressure slide the margin stop until it contacts with the resilient washer 51k, as seen in Fig. 13, and then release pressure upon the margin stop whereupon the spring 511' will cause the stop to rise to its position as seen in Fig. 4, leaving a little less than a tooth space distance between the lower end of the margin stop and the washer 51k. When the parts are in their positions as shown in Fig. 4, the carriage obviously can be moved by the hand to the right until the lower part of the stop contacts with the washer 51k, and when the hand be re- 'moved from the carriage the carriage, with its margin stop, will return to its exact position as seen in Fig. 4, but no further towards the left.

The reason for the cut away portion upon the lower end of the margin stop is that if it were not so cut away, and the carriage moved manually to a selected banking position and the stop moved up into contact with the washer 51k, then, upon release of the carriage it would always move one letter space to the left of the selected banking position, due to the action of the usual pawls 49 which would necessitate the movement of the carriage by hand one space beyond the selected banking position, and this would have to be kept in mind by the operator in setting the margin stop. When the operator throws the carriage in contraletterfeed direction to its initial writing point to begin a new line of writing the cut away portion of the margin stop 51) will contact with the washer 51k and immediately arrest any continued movement of the feed rack only. The bulk of the carriage, however, will continue to move on past the point of arrest against the impounded air between the washer 5lr and the inner end of the dash pot, to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. During this movement the pin hole 5773 passed to the right of the washer 51p. The motor mechanism of the carriage now reasserts itself and draws the bulk of the carriage in letterfeed direction against the action of the air between the two washers until the carriage bulk returns to its full line position as shown in Fig. 4, which, of course, is the initial writing point, where the carriage is positively arrested by the usual action of the letterfeed mechanism, the parts of which being then in their positions as seen in Fig. 6. In addition to the air cushioning of this return movement of the carriage the resilient washers 511 cushions the final arrest of this return movement of the carriage. When the margin stop 51 contacted with the frame work I during the travel of the carriage in contraletterfeed direction towards its initial writing point the letterfeeding mechanism was in its position as seen in Fig. 6, and during the continued movement of the carriage bulk past the banking position the feed rack remained motionless and in normal engagement with the feed pinion 46. Therefore, when the bulk of the carriage was returned from its dotted position to about its full line position, as seen in Fig. 4 the carriage could not move beyond that position because the letterfeeding mechanism was still of course in the same position as seen in Fig. 6, which prevented any continued movement of the carriage bulk toward the left until a type key or the space bar had been actuated to cause the usual step by step letterfeeding "action.

During the said step by step letterfeed movement of the carriage, each of these letterfeed steps results in a slight jar upon the carriage and the frame work I. However, this slight jar is cushioned by the resilient washer 5ll, the momentum of the relatively heavy carriage in letterfeed direction tends to take it a few thousandths of an inch beyond the point at which the feed bar is normally arrested and this tendency of the carriage to move beyond the point at which the feed bar is so arrested in its letterfeed operation is cushioned by the washer 511. I find that the arrest of the carriage bulk in its return movement from its dotted line position to its full line position is effectually cushioned by the impounded air, and so far as the final arrest of the carriage at the banking point be concerned the further cushioning of the carriage by the washer 511 is of some advantage, but even if the washer 511 be omitted the action is satisfactory, quiet and accurate.

The normal position of a selected pair of teeth, a and b, of the toothed wheel 42, and the position of the feed dogs 32 and 4| are as shown in Fig. 6, and the positions of these parts are as shown in that figure when the margin stop 5' contacts with the washer 51k, (Fig. 4). The position of these teeth and dogs will remain the same during the excursion of the carriage bulk from its full line position to its dotted line position and its return to its full line position, the postion of the dogs and teeth preventing any further movement of the carriage past the full line position in letterfeed direction. When a type key or the space bar be depressed the teeth a and I) move to their positions as seen in Fig. '7, when the dog 43 is immediately drawn forwardly and to the left by its usual spring 45 to its position as seen in Fig. 8. When pressure upon the type key or space bar be removed the dog 43 is drawn by its spring 45 into the space between the teeth a and b as seen in Fig. 9, and the feed dogs return to their normal positions as seen in Figs. 6 and 9, but the teeth a and b hage advanced one letterfeed step as seen in Fig.

The purpose of the teeth We in the blade 51d and the spring actuated margin stop EU is to make it convenient for the operator to move the margin stop so as to leave a greater or less margin between the edge of the paper being printed and the beginning of the lines. To set the margin stop all that is necessary is to move the carriage to a predetermined point on the usual scale. then press down upon the margin stop 5' and slide it until it contacts with the washer 51k. If, during the writing,it be desired to print within the predetermined margin, all that is necessary is to raise the free end of the toothed blade 5111 so that the margin stop will ride along upon the top of the framework l whereby the carriage may be drawn to the right of its full line position as seen in Fig 4, past the initial writing point and as the carriage afterwards moves in its usual step by step letterfeed movement the margin stop will freely ride up upon the inner side of the framework l and not interfere with the continued letterfeed movement of the carriage. The outer lower edge of the margin stop 57) is chamfered as at 5722 to allow the movement just described.

If desired the provision of the extension 55b, drilling and tapping the hole 55a in the feed bar, etc., as well as the turning down of the opposite end of the feed bar may all be dispensed with and an entire new feed rack milled with the extension 551) integral with the feed rack, the opposite end being reduced, as already explained. However, many of the numerous typewriter rebuilt plants are not equipped with milling machines and other devices to accurately cut the teeth of the feed rack, etc., and in such casejthe provision of the separate extension 55b and the treatment of the opposite end of the feed rack may be resorted to, and the resulting structure will be found to be sturdy and dependable because the threads 55c upon the extension 55b are ample to withstand the slight cushioned impact of the feed bar when it is arrested at the initial writing point in a banking operation.

The few thousandths of movement of the bulk of the carriage in letterfeed direction when it is arrested in its step by step movement permits the bulk to move to the left, Fig. 3, because the right hand end of the bail to which the dash pot 510 is attached is spaced a few thousandths of an inch away from the hand tripping lever 50 on that side of the machine. In the step by step movement of the carriage of course the feed rack 48 is arrested by the letterfeeding mechanism, leaving the bulk of the carriage to move a distance equal to the space seen between the tripping lever 59 and the end of the bail in Fig. 3.

While I have shown and described a particular form of embodiment of my invention, I am aware that many minor changes will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I therefore desire to avoid being limited to the particular form of embodiment which I have hereinabove shown and described.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

l. A typewriter having a carriage, a step by step feed mechanism including two relatively movable engaging parts, a frame engaging stop carried by one of said parts, and means for permitting carriage movement relative to said stop carrying part.

2. A typewriter including a carriage, a step by step feed mechanism including a rack bar, a frame engaging stop carried by the rack bar, and means for mounting the rack bar with respect to the carriage to permit relatively independent movement of the carriage following contact of the rack bar carried stop with the frame.

3. In a typewriting machine, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, a step by step feed mechanism including a rack bar, a frame engagement stop adjustably mounted on the rack bar, the carriage being mounted for relative longitudinal movement with respect to the rack bar following cooperation of the rack bar carried stop and the frame.

4. A typewriting machine including a frame, a carriage movable thereon, a step by step feed mechanism including a rack bar, a section movably connected to the rack bar, a frame engaging stop adjustable with respect to the section, and means for permitting relative movement of the carriage with respect to the rack bar and section following cooperation of the stop and frame, the movable section permitting the frame engaging stop to be moved out of frame-engaging position at will.

5. A typewriting machine including a. frame, a carriage movable thereon, a step by step feed mechanism including a rack bar, a section movably connected to the rack bar, a frame engaging stop adjustable with respect to the section, means for permitting relative movement of the carriage with respect to the rack bar and section following cooperation of the stop and frame, and means for returning the carriage to a predetermined relation to the rack bar following such independent movement, the movable section permitting the frame engaging stop to be moved out of frame-engaging position at will.

6. A typewriter including a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step feeding mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar, means for mounting the rack bar for relative longitudinal movement with respect to the carriage, and means carried in part by the rack bar for interrupting movement of the rack bar during unitary movement of the rack bar and carriage without interrupting corresponding movement of the carriage, whereby following interruption of rack bar movement the carriage is permitted a further movement in the same direction to avoid sudden carriage interruption.

7. A typewriter including a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step feeding mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar, means for mounting the rack bar for relative longitudinal movement with respect to the carriage, means carried in part by the rack bar for interrupting movement of the rack bar during unitary movement of the rack bar and carriage without interrupting corresponding movement of the carriage, whereby following interruption of rack bar movement the carriage is permitted a further movement in the same direction to avoid sudden carriage interruption, and means for controlling and reversing such further movement of the carriage.

8. In a typewriter, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step feed mechanism for the carriage including a continuously engage-d frame carried part and a carriage carried part, the carriage carried part being mounted for independent longitudinal movement with respect to the carriage, means designed for frame engagement and carried by the carriage carried part of the step by step feed mechanism for interrupting movement of said carriage carried part at a predetermined point in the carriage movement, resilient means for normally resisting relative movement between the carriage carried part of the step by step mechanism and the carriage during step by step operation of the carriage, said means permitting relative move ment of the carriage and carriage carried part of the step by step feed mechanism on impact interruption of the carriage movement.

9. In a typewriting machine, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step feeding mechanism for the carriage including a carriage carried part and a frame carried part, means in part carried by and controlled solely by the carriage carried part for fixing said parts relative to each other following a predetermined contra-letter feed movement of the carriage, the carriage being movable beyond such predetermined point in contra-letter feed direction, and means for returning the carriage to such predetermined point.

10. In a typewriter, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step letter feed mechanism involving a carriage carried part and a frame carried part, said parts being freely movable relatively in contra-letter feed movement of the carriage and normally fixed against relative movement in letter feed direction of the carriage, said carriage being movable relative to the carriage carried part in contra-letter feed direction and normally fixed against such relative movement in letter feed direction,'and means in part carried by the carriage carried part of the step by step feed mechanism for fixing said parts against relative movement at a predetermined point in a contra-letter feed movement of the carriage withletter feed direction, and frame engaging means carried by the carriage carried part for fixing said parts against relative movement at a predetermined point in a contra-letter feed movement of the carriage without correspondingly interrupting the contra-letter feed movement of the carriage.

12. In a typewriter, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step letter feed mechanism involving a carriage carried part and a frame carried part, said parts being freely movable relatively in contra-letter feed movement of the carriage and normally fixed against relative movement in letter feed direction of the carriage, said carriage being movable relative to the carriage carried part in contra-letter feed direction and normally fixed against such relative movement in letter feed direction, and frame engaging means 'adjustably carried by the carriage carried part for fixing said parts against relative movement at a predetermined point in a contra-letter feed movement of the carriage without correspondingly interrupting the contra-letter feed movement of the carriage.

13. In a typewriter, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step letter feed mechanism involving a carriage carried part and a frame carried part, said parts being freely movable relatively in contra-letter feed movement of the carriage and normally fixed against relative movement in letter feed direction of the carriage, said carriage being movable relative to the carriage carried part in contra-letter feed direction and normally fixed against such relative movement in letter feed direction, and means for fixing said parts against relative movement at a predetermined point in a contra-letter feed movement of the carriage without correspondingly interrupting the contra-letter feed movement of the carriage, said fixing means being adjustable, and including a part carried directly by the carriage carried part of the step by step letter feed mechamsm.

14. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage movable thereon, continuously engaging letter feed mechanism including a part normally fixed with respect to the carriage in movement of the carriage in letter feed direction and normally movable relative to the carriage in movement of the carriage in contra-letter feed direction, carriage cushioning and restoring means influencing the carriage on movement thereof in contra-letter feed direction, and frame engaging means carried by that part of the letter feed mechanism carried by the carriage for interrupting the normally fixed relation between the said letter feed mechanism part and the carriage and simultaneously placing the carriage within the influence of the cushioning and restoring means.

15. In a typewriting machine, a frame, a carriage movable thereon, letter feed mechanism including a part normally fixed with respect to the carriage in movement of the carriage in letter feed direction and normally movable relative to the carriage in movement of the carriage in contra-letter feed direction, carriage cushioning and restoring means influencing the carriage on movement thereof in contra-letter feed direction, and frame engaging means carried by that part of the letter feed mechanism carried by the carriage for interrupting the normally fixed relation between the said letter feed mechanism part and the carriage and simultaneously placing the carriage within the influence of the cushioning and restoring means, the interrupting means locking the letter feed mechanism against free movement in either direction.

16. In a typewriter, a carriage, letter feed mechanism freely movable relatively in contraletter feed movement of the carriage and controlled for step by step movement in letter feed movement of the carriage, frame engaging means carried directly by one element of said step by step letter feed mechanism for fixing the letter feed mechanism against free movement at a predetermined point in the contra-letter feed movement of the carriage, said carriage being mounted relative to said letter feed mechanism to permit independent limited movement of the carriage relative to said letter feed mechanism following interruption of the relative free movement of said mechanism, and means for automatically restoring the carriage to a position determined by the point of interruption of the relative free movement of the letter feed mechanism.

17. A typewriter having a carriage, a step by step feed mechanism including a frame-carried part and a carriage-carried part, the carriagecarried part being mounted for limited relative movement with respect to the carriage, and a frame-engaging stop mounted directly on and solely by the carriage-carried part.

18. A typewriter having a carriage, a step by step feed mechanism including a frame-carried part and a carriage-carried part, the carriagecarried part being mounted for limited relative movement with respect to the carriage, and a frame-engaging stop adjustably mounted directly on and carried solely by the carriage-carried part.

19. A typewriter including a frame, a carriage, a spring for moving the carriage in letter feed direction, a step by step mechanism continuously engaged during movement of the carriage in letter feed direction and in contra-letter feed direction, a marginal stop for the carriage carried by one of the elements of the step by step mechanism operative when the carriage is moved in contraletter feed direction, said marginal stop interrupting relative movement of the step by step mechanism parts while permitting continued movement of the carriage against the influence of the carriage spring and the return of the carriage under the influence of said carriage spring to the point at which the parts of the letter feed mechanism are relatively fixed.

20. In a typewriter, a frame, a carriage, step by step mechanism for controlling letter feed movement of the carriage, a frame engaging stop carried by one of the elements of the step by step mechanism to determine the initial writing point of the carriage, and means to permit movement of the carriage in a contra-letter feed direction beyond said writing point without disconnecting the letter feed mechanism parts during such movement.

21. A typewriter including a frame, a carriage movable thereon, step by step mechanism for controlling letter feed movement of the carriage and including a carriage-carried part and a frame-carried part, the carriage-carried part being mounted for relative movement with respect to the carriage, and a marginal controlling frame engaging stop carried by the carriage-carried part of the step by step mechanism to define a .point at which the respective part of the letter feed mechanism will be fixed against relative movement without interfering with the continued movement of the carriage in the same direction beyond such point for cushioning influence.

22. A typewriter including a frame and a carriage, continuously engaged step by step mechanism for controlling the letter feed movement of the carriage while permitting relatively free contra-letter feed movement of the carriage, and means carried by one of the elements of the step by step mechanism and cooperating with the frame in the contra-letter feed movement of the carriage to fix the step by step mechanism against further relative movement in a contraletter feed direction, the carriage being mounted for independent cushioning movement in the contra-letter feed direction relative to the step by step mechanism.

23. A typewriter including a frame, a carriage movable on the frame, step by step mechanism including a frame-carried part and a carriagecarried part, said parts being relatively movable in contra-letter feed movement of the carriage without disconnection, and frame engaging means carried by the carriage carried part of the step by step mechanism for interrupting movement of the carriage-carried part of the step bystep mechanism at a predetermined point in the contraletter feed movement of the carriage to relatively fix the parts of the step by step mechanism, the carriage being movable beyond such point free of the influence of the step by step mechanism and returned to such point in a cushioning action, the parts of the step by step mechanism remaining engaged during the full relative movement of such parts in the contra-letter feed movement of the carriage.

24. In a typewriter, a frame, a carriage, a motor spring for moving the carriage in letter feed direction, a continuously engaged step by step mechanism for controlling such letter feed movement of the carriage, said step by step mechanism being freely movable relatively in the movement of the carriage in a contra-letter feed direction, and frame engaging means carried directly by one of the elements of the step by step mechaanism including a frame-carried part and a cardirectly on the carriage-carried part of the step by step feed mechanism, whereby the carriagecarried part of the step by step mechanism may be interrupted during contra-letter feed movement of the carriage by the frame-engaging stop and locked against movement in a letter feed direction by the engagement of the frame-carried part of the step by step mechanism.

26. A typewriter including a frame, a carriage, a rack bar on the carriage and mounted for relative movement with respect thereto, a feed pinion on the frame and providing for a step by step movement of the rack bar and carriage to move the carriage in a letter feed direction, frame engaging means carried by said rack bar for interrupting movement of the rack bar when the carriage and rack bar moving in a contra-letter feed direction have reached a predetermined carriage writing point, and means to permit the carriage to move in the same direction independently of the rack bar and to be returned in a letter feed direction to the predetermined writing point, the engagement of the pinion and rack bar preventing free movement of the rack bar in letter feed direction during the period in which the carriage is moving in that direction free of the rack bar.

27. A typewriter having a step by step feed mechanism involving a rack bar on the carriage, a pinion on the frame with such pinion and rack bar in continuous engagement in movement of the carriage in both letter feed and contra-letter feed direction, cooperating means carried by the rack bar and frame to interrupt rack bar movement at a predetermined point during the travel of the carriage in contra-letter feed direction, means permitting the carriage to continue movement in the same direction for a limited distance after such interruption, said means serving to return the carriage to normal cooperation with the rack bar, whereupon the rack bar and carriage are locked against free movement in a letter feed direction by the engagement of the rack bar and pinion.

28. A typewriter having a carriage, step by step feed mechanism including two relatively movable parts, one of which is mounted on and has relative movement with respect to the carriage, a frame engaging stop carried by said carriage carried part of the step by step feed mechanism, and a carriage cushioning and return means carried by such carriage carried part.

29. A typewriter including a carriage, cooperating elements forming a step by step feed mechanism, with one of said elements mounted on and movable relative to the carriage, a frame engaging stop, and a carriage cushioning and return means, both said stop and return means being carried by that element of the step by step mechanism mounted on the carriage.

30. A construction as defined in claim 29, wherein the carriage cushioning and return means serves to maintain a relative fixed relation between the carriage and the carriage carried element of the step by step mechanism during normal letter feed movement of the carriage.

31. A construction as defined in claim 29, wherein the frame engaging stop is adjustable with respect to the carriage carried element of the step by step mechanism.

32. A typewriter having a carriage, cooperating elements forming a step by step feed mechanism for the carriage, one of the elements being mounted on and for relative movement with respect to the carriage, and a frame engaging stop and carriage cushioning and return means carried by said latter element.

FREDERICK P. GORIN. 

